Application of Power Management Trends in Technology and Classification of
Power Management Semiconductor (PMIC) clearly emphasizes the position and role of power management integrated circuit (PMIC) from the devices it contains. Power Management Semiconductor includes two parts: Power Management Integrated Circuit and Separate Power Management Semiconductor Device.
Power Management Integrated Circuits (PMIC) include many types, which are roughly divided into voltage adjustment and interface circuits. Voltage regulator consists of linear low voltage drop regulator (LOD), positive and negative output series circuits, and there is no PWM switching circuit. With the development of technology, the physical size of digital circuits in integrated circuit chips is becoming smaller and smaller. As a result, the working power supply is developing towards low voltage. A series of new voltage regulators emerge as the times require. Interface circuits for power management include interface driver, motor driver, power field effect transistor (MOSFET) driver and high voltage/high current display driver.
Separate power management semiconductor devices include some traditional power semiconductor devices, which can be divided into two categories: rectifier and thyristor; triode, power bipolar transistor, power field effect transistor (MOSFET) with MOS structure and insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT).
To some extent, it is precisely because of the great development of power management IC that power semiconductor is renamed power management semiconductor. It is precisely because so many integrated circuits (IC) have entered the field of power supply that people call the current power technology more by power management.
The dominant part of power management semiconductor book is power management IC, which can be roughly summarized as the following eight kinds.
1. AC/DC modulation IC. It contains low voltage control circuit and high voltage switching transistor.
2. DC/DC modulation IC. Including boost/buck regulator and charge pump.
3. Power factor control PFC pre-modulation IC. A power input circuit with power factor correction function is provided.
4. Pulse modulation or pulse amplitude modulation PWM/PFM control IC. It is a pulse frequency modulation and/or pulse width modulation controller for driving external switches.
5. Linear modulation IC (such as linear low voltage drop regulator LDO, etc.). Including positive and negative regulators, as well as low-voltage drop LDO modulator.
6. Battery charging and management IC. Including battery charging, protection and power display IC, as well as battery data communication "smart" battery IC.
7. Hot plug control IC (eliminating the influence of inserting or removing another interface from the working system).
8. Driver IC of MOSFET or IGBT.
Among these power management IC, voltage regulation IC is the fastest growing and the largest part of output. Various power management ICs are basically related to some related applications, so for different applications, more types of devices can be listed.
The technical trend of power management is high efficiency, low power consumption and intellectualization.
Improving efficiency involves two different aspects: on the one hand, to maintain the comprehensive efficiency of energy conversion, but also to reduce the size of equipment; on the other hand, to keep the size of protection unchanged, greatly improve efficiency.
In AC/DC conversion, low on-state resistance meets the needs of more efficient adapters and power supplies in computer and telecommunication applications. In power circuit design, the standby power consumption has generally been reduced to less than 1W, and the power efficiency can be increased to more than 90%. To further reduce the existing standby power consumption, new IC manufacturing technology and breakthroughs in low power circuit design are needed.
More and more systems will need multiple output regulators. For example, lithium-ion rechargeable battery with multi-output and power path control, multi-output DC/DC converter and switching regulator with dynamic adjustable output voltage, etc.
Intelligent power management IC includes power control, power monitoring and battery management.
Power management IC is used in portable products (mobile phones, digital cameras, laptops, MP3 players, mobile hard disks, etc.), digital consumer electronic products (high definition television, LCD TV and panel, DVD player), computers, communication network equipment, industrial equipment and automotive electronics. Among them, consumer electronic products are the biggest application areas of power management chips.
All these applications and products need the corresponding power management technology to give full play to their functions. IC solutions need to address product differentiation, power management efficiency, product size miniaturization and product function diversification.
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